Search results for "Serial Passage"

showing 3 items of 3 documents

Plastic and micro-evolutionary responses of a nematode to the host immune environment

2017

9 pages; International audience; Parasitic organisms have to cope with the defences deployed by their hosts and this can be achieved adopting immune evasion strategies or optimal life history traits according to the prevailing pattern of immune-mediated mortality. Parasites often encounter variable immune environments both within and between hosts, promoting the evolution of plastic strategies instead of fixed responses. Here, we explored the plasticity and micro-evolutionary responses of immunomodulatory mechanisms and life history traits to the immune environment provided by the host, using the parasitic nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus. To test if the parasite responds plastically to t…

0301 basic medicineCandidate genePhenotypic plasticityFecesMice0302 clinical medicine[ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis[ SDV.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/ImmunologySerial PassageMice Inbred BALB CNematospiroides dubiusGeneral MedicineDNA HelminthInfectious DiseasesCytokines[SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/ImmunologyMicro-evolutionFemalemedicine.symptom[ SDV.MP.PAR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/ParasitologyDNA ComplementaryImmunologyInflammationBiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionLife history theoryImmunomodulation03 medical and health sciencesImmune systemmedicineAnimals[SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/ParasitologyRNA MessengerParasite Egg CountSelectionGeneStrongylida InfectionsAnalysis of VarianceHost (biology)Life history traitsbiology.organism_classification030104 developmental biologyNematodeImmunologyLinear ModelsbacteriaParasitologyGene expressionHeligmosomoides polygyrusRNA Helminth[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis030215 immunologyExperimental Parasitology
researchProduct

Microevolutionary response of a gut nematode to intestinal inflammation.

2017

7 pages; International audience; Parasitic helminths interfere with the immune response of their hosts to establish long-lasting, chronic infections. While favorable to the parasite, the capacity to dampen the immune response can also provide a benefit to the host in terms of reduced risk of immune disorders and immunopathology. The immunomodulatory role of nematodes has been exploited in clinical trials to treat a number of inflammatory and immune diseases. However, how parasites adapt to an inflammatory environment remains a poorly explored question. Here, we conducted a serial passage experiment where the gut nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus was maintained for nine generations in mice …

0301 basic medicineGastrointestinal DiseasesInflammationHost-Parasite InteractionsRodent Diseases03 medical and health sciencesMice0302 clinical medicineImmune systemSerial passageImmunopathology[ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosismedicine[ SDV.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/ImmunologyAnimalsAdaptationStrongylida InfectionsInflammationExperimental evolutionNematospiroides dubiusbiologyHost (biology)Life history traitsbiology.organism_classificationColitisBiological Evolution3. Good health030104 developmental biologyInfectious DiseasesNematodeExperimental evolutionImmunologybacteria[SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/ImmunologyParasitologyHeligmosomoides polygyrusmedicine.symptomSerial passage030215 immunology[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis
researchProduct

Evidence for Positive Selection in the Capsid Protein-Coding Region of the Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) Subjected to Experimental Passage Regi…

2001

We present sequence data from two genomic regions of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) subjected to several experimental passage regimens. Maximum-likelihood estimates of the nonsynonymous-to-synonymous rate ratio parameter (dN/dS) suggested the action of positive selection on some antigenic sites of the FMDV capsid during some experimental passages. These antigenic sites showed an accumulation of convergent amino acid replacements during massive serial cytolytic passages and also in persistent infections of FMDV in cell culture. This accumulation was most significant at the antigenic site A (the G-H loop of capsid VP1), which includes an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) cellular recognition motif. Our …

parallel evolutionmedicine.drug_class[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]virusesMolecular Sequence DataPopulationMonoclonal antibodyVirusEvolution Molecular03 medical and health sciencesAphthovirusCapsidAntigenpositive selectionGeneticsmedicineCoding regionSelection GeneticSerial Passageconvergent evolutioneducationMolecular BiologyPhylogenyEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics030304 developmental biologychemistry.chemical_classification0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyModels GeneticbiologyFoot-and-mouth disease virusfoot-and-mouth disease virusexperimental phylogeny030306 microbiologyParallel evolutionbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionbiology.organism_classificationVirology3. Good healthAmino acidPositive selection[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]CapsidchemistryFoot-and-mouth disease virusExperimental phylogenyConvergent evolutionMolecular Biology and Evolution
researchProduct